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逐日消息 | 霍金末了一篇论文、彭丽媛在团结国教科文第三届女童和妇女教诲 ...

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发表于 2018-10-13 19:32:16 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式 来自 江苏徐州
雅思、托福、SAT、GMAT等测验都与考生英语本领及知识面等有着直接关系。因此,领冉将不定时推送各项国表里消息,包罗教诲、科技、经济、情况、生存、社会等各方面,以资助考生进步英语本领及扩大知识面。所摘录的文章均泉源于CNN, BBC, CHINA DAILY等,老师为门生们经心挑选出必备词汇及配备了相应的题
同时,每段文章会配上图片或视频,给各人到达阅读与听力的同时学习。






利益 Benefits



1. 增补词汇


2. 在琐屑时间中训练英语


3. 拓展知识面,进步头脑本领


4. 内容可作为雅思托福测验中素材,也可用于一样平常的交换沟通



方法 Method





Step 1: 阅读前,先认识文章中生疏的单词,相识其词性与意义。


Step 2: 阅读时,将单词带入,加深对它们的明白。


Step 3: 读完文章,会有几道小标题测试一下各人。


Step 4: 检察文章最底部的答案(位于领冉相干先容之后)


对峙下去,就会有不停的进步。各人肯定要对峙打卡,也盼望你能就消息里的内容发表看法及感想分享在留言里噢~ 





1. Stephen Hawking's final scientific paper sheds new light on black holes








必备单词








1. physicist [ˈfɪzɪsɪst] 物理学家;唯物论者 n.

2. cosmologist [kɒz'mɒlədʒɪst] 宇宙学家 n.

3. theoretical [ˌθi:əˈretɪkl] 理论的;推想的 adj.

4. paradox [ˈpærədɑ:ks] 反论;悖论 n.

5. quandary [ˈkwɑ:ndəri] 左右为难;窘迫 n.

6. collaborators [kə'læbəreɪtəz] 协作者 n.

7. enormous [ɪˈnɔ:rməs] 巨大的 adj.

8. evaporate [ɪˈvæpəˌret] 使沉淀;使蒸发;消散 v.

9. quantum [ˈkwɑ:ntəm] 量子;定量 n.

10. photon [ˈfoʊtɑ:n] 光子;光量子 n.

11. gravitational [ˌɡrævɪˈteɪʃənl] 万有引力的 adj.

zUNUbnBH356uB35S.jpg

   



The scientific paper occupying the mind of British physicist and cosmologist Stephen Hawking when he died in March aged 76 has been finished by colleagues from Cambridge and Harvard and published online.


Malcolm Perry, a professor of theoretical physics at Cambridge and a co-author of Black Hole Entropy and Soft Hair told the Guardian newspaper its subject, known as "the information paradox", was "at the center of Hawking's life" for 40 years.


"The difficulty is that if you throw something into a black hole, it looks like it disappears," the paper quoted Perry as saying. "How could the information in that object ever be recovered if the black hole then disappears itself?"


The quandary began with Albert Einstein who, in 1915, published his theory of general relativity, describing how gravity arises from the spacetime-bending effects of matter and explaining why planets circle the sun. Einstein also said black holes can be described by only three things: their mass, their charge, and their spin.


In Hawking's final paper, he and his collaborators add to Einstein's theories about black holes by trying to understand what happens to information when objects fall into black holes, the so-called information paradox.The analysis was completed days before Hawking's death and Perry said Hawking was delighted with the conclusion.


"It was very difficult for Stephen to communicate and I was put on a loudspeaker to explain where we had got to," Perry said. "When I explained it, he simply produced an enormous smile. I told him we'd got somewhere. He knew the final result."


In the paper, the team says black holes should be described by four attributes, not three, because they also have a temperature, and it is the fact that hot objects lose heat into space that means black holes are destined to evaporate out of existence. However, the rules of the quantum world say information can never be lost and Hawking and his colleagues contend that at least some information may be recorded by photons known as "soft hair" that surround the black hole's event horizon, which is the point at which light cannot escape the intense gravitational pull.


Physicists who worked on the paper included Sasha Haco from Cambridge and Andrew Strominger from Harvard.


Perry said the paper is an important step in understanding black holes but that "a lot more work" needs to be done.
jLzLd6DQNdRUnllj.jpg

这篇论文假设信息可以储存在围绕黑洞的“软毛”光环中。所谓黑洞的“软毛发”指的是黑洞视界边沿的零能量光子,它们大概储存了黑洞的熵值。霍金和其他研究职员通过研究黑洞的“软毛发”来办理物质掉进黑洞后信息去了那里的悖论。


这份研究结果将展现一个被黑洞吞噬的物体当黑洞自己都消散后物体包罗的信息都去了那里。根据量子力学的根本规律——信息永不消散,而黑洞信息悖论显然违反这一原则。这就像是把一本百科全书扔进火里焚烧殆尽。要办理黑洞信息悖论,即是是要找到某些烟和灰烬,来还原百科全书上的笔墨。


《黑洞与软毛发》提出了一个假说:黑洞的“软毛发”就是这些烟和灰烬,最少生存了部门信息。这些“软毛发”是黑洞视界上的零能量光子。霍金和佩里等人在论文中指出,零能量光子记载了黑洞熵,并给出了盘算的方法。



True or False

In the paper, the team says black holes should be described by four attributes, not three, because they also have a temperature, and it is the fact that hot objects lose heat into space that means black holes are destined to evaporate out of existence.
A. True          B. False        C. Not given






2. Peng seeks to empower females










必备单词










1. envoy [ˈenvɔɪ] 使节;交际官 n.

2. ceremony [ˈserəmoʊni] 仪式;礼节 n.

3. pretoria [prɪ'tɔ:rɪr] 比勒陀利亚(南非都城)

4. promotion [prəˈmoʊʃn] 促进;提拔 n.

5. congratulatory [kənˈgrætʃələtɔ:ri] 庆贺的 adj.

6. sacred [ˈsekrɪd] 神圣的;受尊重的 adj.

7. potential [pəˈtɛnʃəl] 潜伏的;大概的 adj.

8. sustainable [səˈsteɪnəbl] 可连续的 adj.

9. dedication [ˌdɛdɪˈkeʃən] 奉献 n.

10. participant [pɑ:rˈtɪsɪpənt] 到场者;关系者 n.

11. initiative [ɪˈnɪʃətɪv] 倡议;自动精力 n.

12. innovative [ˈɪnəˌvetɪv] 创新的;革新的 adj.

13. contribution [ˌkɑ:ntrɪˈbju:ʃn] 贡献 n.

PgspU36f356PG3QG.jpg

Peng Liyuan, wife of President Xi Jinping and a UNESCO Special Envoy for the Advancement of Girls' and Women's Education, addresses a graduation ceremony for pre-school teachers in Pretoria, South Africa, July 24, 2018.[Photo/Xinhua]
Peng Liyuan, wife of President Xi Jinping, called for broader support for girls' and women's education to help them enjoy all the opportunities that life offers.


Peng, also a special envoy of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization for the promotion of girls' and women's education, made the remark on Thursday in a congratulatory message to an award ceremony for the UNESCO Prize for Girls' and Women's Education held in Paris.


Peng said girls' and women's education is a sacred undertaking.


Developing that education and making possible equal opportunities in realizing development potential are important measures to make the UN Sustainable Development Goals a reality, Peng said.


She highlighted the role of the prize in encouraging more people to support the undertaking, and praised prizewinners for their dedication to promoting educational equality and helping girls and women fulfill their dreams.


Peng said that as a special envoy, she is ready to work with the participants to support the gender equality initiatives of UNESCO.


The UNESCO Prize for Girls' and Women's Education, funded by the Chinese government, honors outstanding and innovative contributions made by individuals, institutions and organizations to advance girls' and women's education.




True or False


Peng Liyuan, wife of President Xi Jinping, called for broader support for girls' and women's education to help them enjoy all the opportunities that life offers.
A. True          B. False        C. Not given
















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领冉国际英语
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本期答案公布:A    A




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